Monthly Archives: September 2017

Population Studies Jennings, Julia A.*, Luciana Quaranta, and Tommy Bengtsson ABSTRACT We examine economic inequality and social differences in infant and child mortality, and fertility responses to food price changes in North Orkney, 1855–1910, using linked vital records. This small population featured a diverse occupational structure, limited land resources, and geographic isolation from mainland Scotland. [...]

Epidemiology Cerdá, Magdalena, Melissa Tracy*, and Katherine M. Keyes ABSTRACT Background: Cities are investing millions in Cure Violence, a public health approach to reduce urban violence by targeting at-risk youth and redirecting conflict to non-violent responses. The impact of such a program compared to criminal justice responses is unknown because experiments directly comparing criminal justice [...]

Criminal Justice Policy Review Vance, Stephen E., Kerry M. Richmond, James C. Oleson, and Shawn D. Bushway* ABSTRACT There is little empirical research to indicate whether the introduction of sentencing guidelines displaces discretion from judges to prosecutors. In the handful of studies that examine the hydraulic displacement of discretion, discretion is usually measured by the [...]

Feminist Criminology Pickett, Justin T* ABSTRACT Juvenile justice reformers and practitioners have long blamed mothers for juvenile delinquency, identifying maternal employment as a key cause of youthful offending. The current study uses data from registered voters (N = 10,144) to examine public views about whether maternal employment in two-parent households promotes juvenile delinquency. The results [...]

Criminal Justice Policy Review Mears, Daniel P., and Justin T. Pickett* ABSTRACT This article seeks to contribute to theory and research on factors that shape public preferences for juvenile justice policy. To this end, it tests the argument that perceptions about juvenile crime, an instrumental concern, will influence individuals’ willingness to vote for policymakers who [...]

AIDS Care Ertl, Melissa M., Frank R. Dillon, Yajaira A. Cabrera Tineo, Michael Verile, Janine M. Jurkowski*, and Mario De La Rosa ABSTRACT Latina young adults are disproportionately at risk for sexually transmitted infections (e.g., HIV). However, little is known about social and cultural factors contributing to sexual health disparities among young adult Latina recent [...]

Criminal Justice Review Kaylen, Maria, William Alex Pridemore*, and Sean Patrick Roche ABSTRACT The United States experienced a dramatic decline in interpersonal violence rates between the early 1990s and mid-2000s. This decline, however, was much steeper in urban and suburban relative to rural areas. Prior research showed changing demographic composition can account for a substantial [...]

Demography Huang, Ying, Scott J. South*, and Amy Spring ABSTRACT Recent research shows that as they age, blacks experience less improvement than whites in the socioeconomic status of their residential neighborhoods. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and U.S. decennial censuses, we assess the relative contribution of residential mobility and in situ [...]

Preventing Chronic Disease Hosler, Akiko S.*, and Isaac H. Michaels ABSTRACT Introduction: Smoking and poor nutrition are 2 leading preventable causes of death. This study investigated associations between smoking and indicators of individual- and neighborhood-level food distress among racially and ethnically diverse urban adults. Methods: We analyzed data from a health interview survey and a [...]

Criminology Zhang, Lening, Steven F. Messner*, and Sheldon Zhang ABSTRACT By drawing on the two streams of Western literature on “neighborhood effects” and perceptions of neighborhood disorder adapted to the distinctive organizational infrastructure of neighborhoods in contemporary urban China, we examine the contextual effects of different forms of neighborhood social control (i.e., collective efficacy, semipublic [...]